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Treatment of lumbar vertebrae disease

Osteocartilage degeneration in the lumbar spine or lower back (degenerative disk disease) is caused by changes in the intervertebral disc, which can cause lower back pain.

The intervertebral disc is a hard fibrous structure that acts as a ligament between the vertebrae, absorbing strokes and providing shock absorption of the spine.The disc is elastic but strong enough to promote movement, such as the tilt of the body, forward, back or side.

Despite its name, osteochondrosis is not considered a real disease, and over time, osteochondrosis has not worsened.Disks and all structures, degradation and disk degradation in the body develop into part of the process involved in all.

A characteristic of osteochondral degeneration is that symptoms gradually decrease as the spine begins to stabilize.Treatment of lumbar vertebrae osteochondral bone focuses on minimizing pain, stabilizing the spine, and improving or maintaining mobility.

symptom

Bones and cartilage of the lumbar spine

Most cases of lumbar osteochondrosis are mild, persistent back pain that can sometimes exacerbate for several days or longer.

Symptoms may vary, but the most characteristics include:

  • Moderate and constant lower back pain.Pain from damage to the disk is the most common symptom of disc degeneration.The pain spreads to the hips, groin and thighs.This pain is usually stupid and the intensity may vary by the degree of light.
  • Periodic acute pain attacks.Back pain can be exacerbated for days or weeks and then return to a more moderate level.As the spine gradually stabilizes, the pain bursts gradually stabilize.Pain outbreaks can occur suddenly, and pain manifestations usually lead to reduced mobility.
  • Local soreness.The lower part of the back around the degenerated disc is sensitive to touch.Local pain is caused by inflammation and muscle tone in the degeneratively damaged disk area.
  • Leg pain.If the height of the disc is greatly reduced, along with a compressive condition of the nerve roots, neurological symptoms may be felt, including numbness, weakness, or sharp pain in the buttocks, shooting pain in the buttocks and/or back of the leg, shooting pain in the buttocks and/or back.The pain in the legs from lumbar osteochondrosis is usually no lower than in the knees.
  • Sudden feeling of weakness or instability can occur when the disk becomes significantly weaker and the patient can cause the lower back to not perform its function completely.

Additionally, pain may worsen or decrease when performing certain movements or certain postures, such as:

  • Pain in the seat.Sitting for a long time often results in increased lower back pain and stiffness and decreases after changes in position.
  • Enhance the pain by tilting or rotating.Twisting the spine and leaning forward, the back or side can cause tension, pain on the damaged disk.
  • Relieve pain when walking or changing positions.When the spine changes position, the pressure on the disc can be reduced or redistributed from the disc to the muscles and joints.Frequent positions, alternating standing and sitting, and short walks can help relieve stiffness and minimize pain.

Disc degeneration should not cause intestinal dysfunction/bladder symptoms, fever, back pain, inexplicable and rapid weight loss or strengthening abdominal pain.These symptoms indicate more serious illnesses that often require an approach to treatment.

Related symptoms

In addition to lower back pain, other symptoms associated with disc degeneration can occur.For example:

  • The contained protein can cause significant inflammation if it comes into contact with the surrounding spinal structures, and this inflammation can lead to spasms of the lower back muscles as well as radial pain, radiating in the buttocks to the posterior surface of the lower limbs, also known as ISHIA (also known as Ishias).
  • Degeneration of the lumbar disc can lead to the development of lumbar stenosis and/or lumbar osteoarthritis and other diseases in the lower back.
  • Degraded disks can also cause hernia in the lumbar disc.Neurological symptoms of disc hernia may be acute and intense.
  • Symptoms caused by lumbar disc degeneration may vary greatly due to the speed of the disk or complete degeneration and how it affects the surrounding spinal structure.
  • Pain in osteochondrosis is usually caused by deformation of the inflammatory muscles supporting the structures near the spine and intervertebral discs.

Causes of lumbar vertebrae degeneration

Osteochondrosis occurs due to wear of age and disease of intervertebral disc structure, and the degeneration process may be accelerated due to injury, general condition, health and lifestyle, and may be a genetic predisposition to the development of pathological processes in the musculoskeletal skeletal system.

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Osteochondrosis rarely starts with serious injuries, such as car accidents.The initiation of the degradation process is more likely to be associated with low energy disc damage.

Legal pain associated with lumbar osteochondrosis is usually caused by one or more pathological processes:

  • Inflammation, proteins in the disc are stimulated by peripheral nerves - the small nerves of the disc itself and the underlying large nerves (sciatic nerves).
  • When the outer ring of the disk (called the fibrous ring) wears away and cannot effectively absorb the power vector on the spine, the micro abnormality is unstable, which causes movement along the intervertebral segment.
  • For a long time, pain in lumbar osteochondrosis will eventually be reduced and not worse.This relieved pain occurs because the degeneration completely destroyed disk no longer has any inflammatory proteins (which may cause pain), while the sleeping disk enters a stable position, eliminating the microanimals that cause pain.

Risk factors

Lifestyle factors that affect overall health can affect the disc.Risk factors for degenerative disk disease (osteochondrosis) include:

  • Family history of back pain or bone and muscle disorders
  • Due to the nature of the movement, too much load on the bottom of the back
  • Due to the long-term and/or poor posture of the seat, the static load on the disc is long.
  • Due to weak back muscles, there is no disk support
  • obesity
  • Smoking or any form of nicotine consumption

Disc degeneration is part of the body’s aging, but not everyone experiences pain or any special symptoms.Symptoms often occur in situations of instability, muscle tone, and nerve root stimulation.

diagnosis

  • The medical history of the disease includes a detailed study of the patient's symptoms, its intensity and the relationship between pain and body load or location.Information about regular physical exercise, sleep habits and past injuries is also needed.
  • Physical examinations must be performed to study the range of movement and the status of the muscle corset.The presence of pain areas where palpation or physical abnormalities is also identified.In addition, neurological tests were performed to identify neurological defects.
  • The above diagnostic methods are usually sufficient to diagnose osteochondrosis, but accurate diagnosis requires the use of visualization methods.
  • CT
  • Radiography
  • MSCT
  • shoot
  • MRI - This diagnostic method allows you to elucidate the degree of degeneration, the presence of fractures, hernia of narrow intervertebral discs.MRI studies are often required to prepare for surgical treatment in order to accurately determine the location of the degraded disk and plan operations.
Degenerative disks in the spine

Studies have shown that MRI results with moderate or significant disk degeneration were found when the patient was scanned (whether severe pain, minimal pain or lack of pain).Additionally, many painful conditions may not occur on MRI.Therefore, diagnosis cannot be made based solely on visual results and the diagnosis can only be verified on the basis of all clinical and instrumental examination methods.

treat

The initial approach to treating osteocartilage in lumbar spine and painful manifestations usually involves the following combinations:

  • Excessive pain reliefThey can reduce inflammation, which can cause discomfort, stiffness and irritation in the nerve roots.
  • Prescription painkillers.In severe pain, muscle relaxants or anesthetic pain relievers can be prescribed.These drugs are often used to treat intensive, acute pain and are expected to last for days or weeks.These drugs can cause addiction and cause serious side effects, so they should be used with caution.
  • Hot and ice.The use of calorie in the lower back can improve blood circulation, thereby reducing muscle cramps and tension and improving mobility.Ice packs can relieve inflammation and relieve moderate pain.It is useful to use calories before physical exercise to relax muscles and use ice after physical exercise to minimize inflammation.
  • Manual therapy. This procedure is performed by experts and is a popular method to control lower back pain.Practicing doctors, manual therapists, influence various areas of the body with their hands to reduce tension in the muscles and joints.The operation was found to be an effective measure to relieve temporary pain and in some cases it is as effective as medication.
  • massage.Massage methods expose reduces tension and cramps in the lower back muscles, reduces stress on the spine and relieves pain.Additionally, therapeutic massage can improve blood circulation, ensuring the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the tense muscles.
  • Epidural steroid injection.Introducing steroids into the space around the spine can relieve pain impulses and inflammation.Injection of steroids can be used in conjunction with a physical therapy program to reduce pain during physical exercise and recovery.Typically, epidural injections of steroids can relieve pain from weeks to year.

In many cases, for effective anesthesia, combined treatments are required.Often, one of the most effective treatments must be chosen, and the trial-and-error process is necessary.

Long bed rest is not recommended, as a rule, immobilization with severe pain may occur in a short period of time, since lack of physical activity leads to weakening of the muscles and normal support of the spine.

Modification of exercise therapy and activities

Physical exercise for osteochondrosis

In order to maintain healthy spine activities, physical exercise is required.Effective exercise plans for lumbar spine should include:

  • Exercise for the muscles of the lower back, hips and pelvis, and the muscles of the Harmestring.The sealing of these muscles increases pressure on the lumbar spine and helps the development of lower back pain.
  • The strength exercise of the lower back and abdominal muscles can keep you in good posture, preferably maintaining your spine.A muscle-enhancing exercise program may include an individual's exercise therapy program, lumbar dynamic stability, Tai Chi, Pilates or others.
  • The load levels of aerobic exercise are lower, which increases the frequency of heart contraction, improves blood circulation and provides nutrients and oxygen, which is essential for restoring body tissue.For example, it can be walking, swimming and water-sick.

In each case, a physical exercise program is usually adapted, depending on the general health condition, the severity of the pain, and personal preferences.

In addition, small adjustments to daily activities (lifestyle changes) can effectively relieve pain.For example, wearing a corset while lifting weights, avoiding twists while lifting weights, can prevent increased pain due to excessive load on the disc.Using ergonomic chairs and orthopedic mattresses can also improve posture and reduce load on the disc.

Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis is necessary in the case of inefficiency in conservative treatment for six months.The surgical treatment of osteochondrosis is always selective, which means the patient himself decides whether the surgery should be performed.

It is recommended to consider all factors before determining the surgery for osteochondrosis, including duration of the recovery period, pain treatment during recovery, and spinal rehabilitation.

merging of vertebrae

Standard surgical treatment for lumbar osteocartilage degeneration is a combined procedure in which two vertebrae were spent together.The purpose of the merger (Spondylodeza) is to relieve pain and eliminate instability in the spinal motor segments.

All spinal fusion operations are as follows:

  • The damaged disk is completely removed from the intervertebral space (disc incision).
  • Stabilization is performed using bone graft and/or tools (implant, plate, rod and/or screws).
  • The vertebrae then fuses to form a solid, motionless structure.The battle takes place within a few months after the operation, not during the operation itself.

After the operation, wear a corset and prescribe analgesics.Practice connect very carefully, considering the individual characteristics of the patient and the degree of tissue regeneration.Complete recovery after the merger may take one year until the vertebrae grows together.

Surgery replacement for artificial discs

In recent years, alternative methods for replacing damaged disks with artificial implants have been developed.Disk replacement operations involve completely removing disks damaged by degeneration (discantotomy), restoring disk space to natural height, and implanting artificial disks.

This process is designed to maintain movements similar to spinal movements that are natural, thereby reducing the possibility of increasing pressure in adjacent spinal segments (a fairly common complication of spinal fusion).

Recovery after disk replacement operation usually lasts up to 6 months.